The Latin of the Introits, The Holy Family - Exsultat gaudio.

The first part of today's introit is taken from the book of Proverbs, chapter 23, and the second part is from the opening of Psalm 83.

Exsultat gaudio pater Justi, gaudeat Pater tuus et Mater tua, et exsultet quae genuit te. * Quam dilecta tabernacula tua, Domine virtutum: concupiscit et deficit anima mea in atria Domini.

The father of the just rejoiceth greatly, let Thy father and Thy mother be joyful, and let her rejoice that bore Thee. * How lovely are Thy tabernacles, O Lord of Hosts! my soul longeth an fainteth for the courts of the Lord.

Exsultat - He rejoices or exults. Indicative of the verb exsulto/exsultare/exsultavi/exsultatum.

gaudio - with joy. Ablative case. The sentence reads 'he rejoices with joy' which may be be translated more idiomatically as 'may he rejoice greatly.'

pater - the father. Nominative case, as subject of the verb exsultat.

Justi - of the just. Genitive case, indicating possession.

gaudeat - May he rejoice. Subjunctive of the verb gaudeo/gaudere/gavisi/gavisum.

Pater - Father. Subject of the verb gaudeat.

tuus - your/thy. Modifying Pater, and agreeing with it in gender.

et - and

Mater - Mother.

tua - your/thy. Modifying Mater, and agreeing with it in gender.

et - and

exsultet - may she rejoice. Subjunctive of the verb exsulto.

quae - who. This is the feminine form of the relative pronoun qui, which is why the verb was translated may 'she' rejoice.

genuit - she gave birth. Perfect tense, indicating completed past action, of the verb geneo/genere/genui/genitum.

te - to you/to thee. Ablative case used with genuit.

Quam - How

dilecta - lovely. Ending agrees with tabernacula, which it modifies.
The verb sunt - are - is implied here.
tabernacula - tabernacles (tents). Nominative plural.

tua - your/thy. Ending to agree with tabernacula, which it modifies.

Domine - O Lord. Vocative case.

virtutum - genitive plural of virtus, indicating possession. Virtus can mean virtue, goodness, bravery, manliness. The plural is often translated as 'hosts' as in 'armies' or possibly the heavenly host.

concupiscit - it longs. Indicative of the verb concupisco/concupiscere/concupisci.

et - and.

deficit - it faints or fails. Indicative of the verb deficio/deficere/defici/defectum.

anima - soul. Subject of the verbs concupiscit and deficit.

mea - my. Agrees in gender and case with anima, which it modifies.

in - in. Is followed by a noun in the accusative case when it indicates motion into.

atria - courts or halls. Plural of atrium. In the accusative case.

Domini - of the Lord. Genitive, indicating possession.